More than half of deaths from cardiovascular disease worldwide occur in Asia

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The number of people dying from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Asia is rising rapidly, with more than half of global CVD deaths in 2019 occurring in Asian countries, according to a state-of-the-art review article published in inaugural number of JACC: Asia. The data demonstrate an urgent need to understand the burden and epidemiological features of cardiovascular disease in Asian countries to develop localized cardiovascular disease prevention strategies to combat the epidemic.

From 1990 to 2019, the number of deaths from cardiovascular heart disease in Asia increased from 5.6 million to 10.8 million. Nearly 39% of these deaths from cardiovascular disease were premature, meaning they occurred in a person under the age of 70, which was significantly higher than deaths from cardiovascular disease in the United States. (23%). Most deaths from heart disease were due to ischemic heart disease (IHD) or stroke. According to the researchers, the increase in MCV epidemics in Asia is due to demographic changes, socioeconomics, living environments, lifestyles, prevalence of MCV risk factors, and abilities to prevent and treat MCV.

In this paper, the authors reviewed data on the epidemiology of CVD in Asian countries from multiple sources and identified five epidemiological features in Asia: increased mortality rate from CVD; geographic differences in MCV mortality; regional differences in the dominant CVD subtype; countries that are in different stages of transition of the CVD ; and the increase in epidemics and massive loads of key modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease in most countries with inadequate management capabilities.

“Timely information on the burdens and epidemiological features of CVD in Asian countries is crucial to understanding the challenges and guiding the development of reasonable strategies and policy actions to combat the CVD epidemic,” Dong Zhao said. MD, Ph.D., professor of preventive cardiology at the Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases at Beijing’s Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, and an assistant editor JACC: Asia.

Between 1990 and 2019, the proportion of deaths due to cardiovascular disease from total deaths in Asia increased from 23% to 35% and mortality rates from gross disease increased in both men and women. women. The increase in mortality rates due to gross CVD indicates the increase in CVD load in Asian populations.

There were significant geographical differences in gross CVD mortality rates among Asian countries in 2019. The highest CVD mortality rate in Asia occurred in Georgia (810.7 per 100,000 population) and the lowest in Qatar. (39.1 per 100,000 inhabitants), which represents a double of 20 difference.

Although IHD and stroke are the most common causes of CVD in Asia, epidemics of these two types of CVD varied substantially between regions and Asian countries. IHD was the leading cause of death from cardiovascular disease in Central, Western, and South Asia, while deaths from stroke were more common than deaths from IHD in East and Southeast Asia. In China, the dominant subtype of MCV deaths has shifted from stroke to IHD. According to the authors, the underlying cause of differences in dominant MCV subtypes between Asian regions or countries is not yet well understood.

The paper also compared the characteristics of MCV spectra (the distribution of relevant disease categories in total deaths) in low-, middle-, and high-income (or developed) Asian countries as countries at different stages of development economic may present different stages of transition of the MCV epidemic.

“It is critical to recognize the characteristics of the different transition stages of the MCV epidemic in different Asian countries in order to guide the identification of priority issues in public health, resource allocation, and research in these countries,” Zhao said.

Most Asian countries are in the second stage of the rapidly rising MCV epidemic. In these countries like China, MCV mortality rates are relatively high, with a proportion of deaths from MCV among total deaths generally exceeding 40%. The characteristics of CVD epidemics in high-income or developed countries present the third stage of the epidemiological transition, with lower rates of CVD deaths. In Japan and South Korea, the rates of deaths from heart disease due to cardiovascular disease decreased from 34.9% and 36.2% in 1990 to 26.6% and 24.3% in 2019, respectively. .

According to researchers, the growing prevalence of MCV risk factors is one of the leading modifiable causes of the increase in MCV epidemics in Asia. These risk factors include diet, smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension, among many others.

“The information summarized in this review provides a comprehensive picture of the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in Asia, which highlights the specific requirements for the development of localized cardiovascular disease prevention strategies and research and can shed light on not only the current challenges, but also the future ones, which the different Asian countries face, ”Zhao said. dit.


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More information:
JACC: Asia, DOI: 10.1016 / j.jacasi.2021.04.007

Citation: More than half of deaths from cardiovascular disease worldwide occur in Asia (2021, June 15) recovered on June 15, 2021 at https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-06-cardiovascular- disease-deaths-worldwide-asia.html

This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair treatment for private study or research purposes, no part may be reproduced without written permission. Content is provided for informational purposes only.





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